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KMID : 1001020230210030228
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Journal of Urologic Oncology
2023 Volume.21 No. 3 p.228 ~ p.240
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Optimal Management of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin-Refractory Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer in 2023
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Yu Ji-Woong
Sung Hyun-Hwan
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Abstract
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Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) poses a significant clinical challenge, prompting a need for effective treatment options. Although radical cystectomy is a standard approach, it is burdened by high morbidity, mortality, and adverse effects on patients’ quality of life, necessitating the exploration of alternative bladder preservation strategies. This review presents a diverse range of bladder preservation options to improve outcomes in patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC. The interventions discussed include intravesical chemotherapy, device-assisted therapy, immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, intravesical gene therapy, and combinations of these treatments.
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KEYWORD
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BCG vaccine, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Clinical trial, Intravesical drug administration, Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
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